There are various sperm retrieval techniques, each with potential advantages and disadvantages. Based on the specific needs of the couple, the best technique is adopted:
- MESA (Microscopic Epididymal Sperm Aspiration)
- PESA (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration)
- TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration)
- TESE (Testicular Sperm Extraction)
- Microdissection – TESE (micro-TESE)
- SSSRT Technique (Single Session Staged Sperm Retrieval Technique)
- Microsurgical Subinguinal Varicocelectomy
- Microsurgical Vasovasostomy
- Microsurgical Vasoepididymostomy
- No Scalpel Vasectomy (NSV)
- Trans Urethral Resection of Ejaculatory Duct (TURED)